A function-centric approach to the biological interpretation of microarray time-series
Pablo Mínguez, Fátima Al-Shahrour and Joaquín Dopazo


This is the set of graphics generated. They represent all the Gene Ontology (GO) terms with a superadjusted p-value smaller than 0.05 in each time point. We also plot the percentage of genes with that particular GO annotated within the partition with the smallest p-value. Time points 23 and 29 have no data in the original data matrix. The Gene Ontology terms are represented with different colors and shapes.
Blue lines in time points 17 and 29 mean a change in the Plasmodium life form:
Time point 17: Ring to Trophozoite.
Time point 29: Trophozoite to Schizont.


Gene Ontology category: Biological process, level 3.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

cell communication  [1][39][40][41][42][43][44][46][47]  
cellular physiological process  [28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][42][43][45]  
mRNA splicing  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]  
metabolism  [2][4][6][8][12][13][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][35]  
mitochondrial translocation  [12][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26]  
regulation of physiological process  [1]  
response to stimulus  [40][41][43][44][46][47][48]  


Gene Ontology category: Biological process, level 4.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

amine metabolism  [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][25][27][28][48]  
amino acid and derivative metabolism  [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][48]  
aromatic compound metabolism  [18][19][20][21]  
biosynthesis  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]  
catabolism  [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][42][43][45]  
cell adhesion  [1][44][47][48]  
cell growth and/or maintenance  [27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][42][43][45]  
cell invasion  [1][39][40][41][42][43][44]  
heterocycle metabolism  [15]  
host-pathogen interaction  [1][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]  
lipid metabolism  [1][42][45]  
nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism  [2][3][4][5][6][8][9][10][13][16][17][19][21][22][24][26][27][28][46][48]  
organic acid metabolism  [4][5][8][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][45][46][47][48]  
oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolism  [19][21][26][27][28][31][32]  
phosphorus metabolism  [39][40][41]  
protein metabolism  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][32][33]  
regulation of metabolism  [1][6]  
response to endogenous stimulus  [31]  
response to external stimulus  [1][15][17][41][43][44][47][48]  
response to stress  [24][26][27][28][31]  
vitamin metabolism  [20]  


Gene Ontology category: Biological process, level 5.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

DNA metabolism  [25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]  
RNA metabolism  [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]  
amino acid metabolism  [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][48]  
carboxylic acid metabolism  [4][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][45][46][47][48]  
cell organization and biogenesis  [1]  
cell proliferation  [17][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][48]  
cell-cell adhesion  [1][44][47]  
cytoadherence to microvasculature  [1][44][47][48]  
evasion of host defense response  [1][41][43][44][46][47][48]  
macromolecule biosynthesis  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]  
macromolecule catabolism  [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][41][42][43]  
nucleobase metabolism  [6][7][8][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]  
nucleotide metabolism  [5]  
phosphate metabolism  [39][40][41][42]  
protein biosynthesis  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][44]  
protein catabolism  [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][41][42][43]  
regulation of biosynthesis  [1][6][10]  
response to abiotic stimulus  [19][21][24]  
response to biotic stimulus  [1][40][41][43][44][47][48]  
response to oxidative stress  [26][27][28]  
transcription  [1][4][5]  


Gene Ontology category: Biological process, level 6.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

DNA packaging  [2]  
DNA replication  [24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][48]  
RNA modification  [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]  
amino acid activation  [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][25][48]  
amino acid metabolism  [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][48]  
cell cycle  [20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][48]  
defense response  [1][41][43][44][46][47][48]  
drug transport  [24]  
group transfer coenzyme metabolism  [37]  
heterophilic cell adhesion  [1][44][47]  
ion transport  [33][35][37][39][40]  
nucleobase biosynthesis  [14]  
phosphorylation  [42][44]  
protein amino acid phosphorylation  [40][42][43]  
protein biosynthesis  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][44]  
protein catabolism  [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][41][42][43]  
proteolysis and peptidolysis  [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][42][43]  
pyridine nucleotide metabolism  [9]  
pyrimidine base metabolism  [6][7][8][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]  
regulation of protein biosynthesis  [6][10]  
response to chemical substance  [24]  
response to oxidative stress  [26][27][28]  
tRNA metabolism  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]  
transcription, DNA-dependent  [1][4][5]  
translation  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26]  


Gene Ontology category: Biological process, level 7.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

DNA replication and chromosome cycle  [24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]  
cytoadherence to microvasculature  [1][44][47]  
evasion of host defense response  [1][41][43][44][47][48]  
modification-dependent protein catabolism  [27][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][45]  
protein amino acid phosphorylation  [42]  
pyrimidine base biosynthesis  [14]  
regulation of translation  [6][10]  
rosetting  [1][47]  
tRNA aminoacylation  [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]  
tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation  [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]  
tRNA modification  [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]  
translational elongation  [16][22]  
translational initiation  [3][6][8][10][11][12][13]  


Gene Ontology category: Cellular component, level 3.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

host  [1][5][15][41][43][44][45][46][47][48]  
intracellular  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][41][48]  
membrane  [1][15][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][47]  


Gene Ontology category: Cellular component, level 4.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

RNA polymerase complex  [1][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]  
apical part of cell  [37][39][40][41][42][43][44]  
chromosome  [22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]  
cytoplasm  [2][6][8][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][44][45][48]  
exosome (RNase complex)  [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]  
host cell cytoplasm  [1][5][15][40][41][43][44][46][47]  
host cell plasma membrane  [1][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]  
inner membrane  [15][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]  
integral to membrane  [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][42]  
mitochondrial membrane  [15][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]  
nucleus  [1][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][12][13]  
respiratory chain complex III  [33][35][36][37][38][39]  
ribonucleoprotein complex  [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30]  


Gene Ontology category: Cellular component, level 5.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

DNA polymerase complex  [27][28][30]  
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex  [3][4][9]  
Golgi apparatus  [39]  
apical complex  [37][39][40][41][42][43][44]  
cytoskeleton  [39][42][43][44]  
cytosol  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][43][44]  
endoplasmic reticulum  [27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]  
eukaryotic 43S preinitiation complex  [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][25][26][28]  
eukaryotic 48S initiation complex  [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][25]  
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex  [5]  
infected host cell surface knob  [1][41][44][47][48]  
integral to plasma membrane  [37][39][40]  
mitochondrial inner membrane  [15][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][34][37][38][39][40][42][43][44][45]  
mitochondrion  [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][44][45][46][48]  
nucleolus  [1]  
nucleoplasm  [1]  
plastid  [20][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]  
proteasome complex (sensu Eukarya)  [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][16][17][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]  
replication fork  [22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]  
respiratory chain complex III (sensu Eukarya)  [36][37][38][39]  
ribosome  [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][38][39][40][44]  
small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex  [3][5]  
spliceosome complex  [4][7][8][9][10]  


Gene Ontology category: Cellualr component, level 6.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme  [1][9]  
actin cytoskeleton  [39][42][43][44]  
apicoplast  [20][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][48]  
chaperonin-containing T-complex  [4]  
cytosolic ribosome (sensu Eukarya)  [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][33]  
cytosolic small ribosomal subunit (sensu Eukarya)  [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]  
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex  [5]  
large ribosomal subunit  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30]  
mitochondrial membrane  [19][20][21][22][24][26][27][28][30][31][32][34][37][38][39][40][42][43][44]  
pellicle  [44]  
proteasome complex (sensu Eukarya)  [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][16][20][22][24][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]  
replisome  [22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][42]  
rhoptry  [36][37][38][39][40][41][42]  
small ribosomal subunit  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][25][26][28][33]  
transcription factor complex  [1]  


Gene Ontology category: Cellular component, level 7.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

DNA replication factor C complex  [24][25][27][28][30][31][32]  
cytosolic large ribosomal subunit (sensu Eukarya)  [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]  
cytosolic small ribosomal subunit (sensu Eukarya)  [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][22]  
mitochondrial inner membrane  [18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][34][35][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]  
myosin  [41][42][43][44]  
proteasome core complex (sensu Eukarya)  [26][27][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]  
proteasome regulatory particle (sensu Eukarya)  [27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][43][44][45]  


Gene Ontology category: Molecular function, level 3.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

DNA replication factor  [24][25][27][28][30][31][32][33]  
carrier activity  [22]  
cell adhesion molecule activity  [44][47]  
cell surface antigen activity, host-interacting  [44][47]  
heat shock protein activity  [21]  
helicase activity  [5]  
kinase activity  [42]  
ligase activity  [15][46][48]  
nucleic acid binding  [2]  
oxidoreductase activity  [35][37]  
proteasome endopeptidase activity  [10][27][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]  
structural constituent of ribosome  [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][39]  
translation factor activity, nucleic acid binding  [3][6][7][8][12][14][15][16][17][18][20][22]  


Gene Ontology category: Molecular function, level 4.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

RNA binding  [2][3][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][13]  
RNA helicase activity  [3][5]  
ligase activity, forming carbon-oxygen bonds  [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]  
ligase activity, forming phosphoric ester bonds  [5][6][7][8][10][12][13][14][15][16][17][19][21]  
peptidase activity  [36]  
translation factor activity, nucleic acid binding  [3][6][7][8][10][12][14][15][16][17][18][20][21][22]  
translation initiation factor activity  [8][9][10][12]  


Gene Ontology category: Molecular function, level 5.
Statistical test: One tailed Fisher test.
Over-represented GO terms
Click on the links below to get the genes that make the Gene Ontology term significant in each hour.

ATP-dependent RNA helicase activity  [5]  
P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transporter activity  [22]  
RNA ligase activity  [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][21]  
cysteine-type peptidase activity  [36]  
ligase activity, forming aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds  [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][21]  
mRNA binding  [2][4]  



Centro de Investigacion Principe Felipe